How To Search For Directory Listings 2

Following from How To Search For Directory Listings 1 on how to accurately locate directory listings, now it is time to apply some of the advanced operators to filter out the unwanted results. Here are 4 ways to narrow your result of directory listings.

Narrow Results by Site
Use the site operator to narrow results to a particular site's directory listing.

Example: intitle:index.of "parent.directory" site:wikipedia.org

Narrow Results by Sub-Directory
Use the inurl operator with the name of the sub-directory to narrow results to that sub-directory. The following example returns only directory listings that contains sub-directories with the name "admin".

Example: intitle:index.of "parent.directory" inurl:admin

Narrow Results by File Type
Use the filetype or ext operator.

Note that when combined with directory listing search, Google blocks the results from displaying the more popular audio and video file formats such as mp3, mp4, wma, wmv, ogg, avi, etc. The only popular video file format I have found that still works in such searches is the Flash Video format (flv). To overcome this, submit the filetype as an ordinary search term. This, however, does not guarantee that the results will contain your desired file type.

No result example: intitle:index.of "parent.directory" ext:mp3

Narrow Results by Specific File

This is easy if you have throughly understood the basic and advanced operators. Just include the file name and extension you wish to locate. Use double quotes to restrict your search further. Use the OR and period operators to expand your search.

Example: intitle:index.of "parent.directory" "this.is.an.example.mp3"

Google Inclusion and Phrase Operators

Submit tiger or rabbit to Google search. Notice that Google removes the word 'or' from the search terms. In fact, Google ignores very common words. What if, under certain circumstances, you would like to include the word 'or' as a search term?

There are two tricks to force Google to include a search term:

The + operator

The + operator is the opposite of the NOT operator. It forces Google to include a search term within a query. Just add a '+' immediately before the term you would like to include.

For example, try this: tiger or rabbit versus tiger +or rabbit. Note that the number of hits is significantly different between the two queries. Use this operator wisely, to your own advantage, to expand or narrow down your search results.

The double quotes

Encasing a search term with double quotes (") is functionally the same as adding the + operator in front of the term. Submitting tiger +or rabbit and tiger "or" rabbit will result in identical number of hits and results.

Encasing multiple search terms within double quotes results in an exact phrase search. An exact phrase includes all search terms and takes into account the order of the search terms. Try these and note the difference in results: "tiger or rabbit" and "rabbit tiger or".

You should use the + operator instead of double quotes if strict order of words is not desired. Try these: +tiger +or +rabbit and +rabbit +tiger +or. Both show identical results.

An additional note: Google recognizes an empty space within the double quotes as the single character wildcard. Try these search phrases: "tiger or rabbit" and "tiger.or.rabbit". Google displays identical results for both these search phrases.

Google Boolean Operators

There are three types of Boolean operators recognized by Google. They are the OR, AND and NOT operators.

The OR operator

The OR operator is used to include either one search term or the other in a query. The syntax is 'OR' or '' (pipe symbol). Try this as example: 'fame fortune' and 'fame OR fortune'.

The AND operator

The AND operator is used to include more than one search term in a single query. The syntax is 'AND' or ' ' (space). By default, Google includes all search terms submitted. Therefore, submitting 'hotel AND cheap AND good' is almost the same as submitting 'hotel cheap good'. Try it. Notice there's a slight difference in the search results. The search terms are grouped more closely without the AND operator and vice-versa.

The NOT operator

The extermely useful NOT operator is used to exclude search terms in the results. The syntax is '-' (minus sign) followed immediately by the search term to exclude. Here's an example: 'windows' and 'windows -microsoft'.

Google queries are not case-sensitive, with the exception of the OR and AND operators. Google recognizes 'OR' as the OR operator, and 'or', 'oR' and 'Or' as a search term, i.e. the word 'or'. Google will display very different results for 'tiger OR rabbit' and 'tiger or rabbit'. Try it.

Notice something missing in the 'tiger or rabbit' search results? Most likely, the 'or' search term is missing. Google ignores very common words. What if, under certain circumstances, you would like to include 'or' as a search term?

Use the + operator or double quotes - read more here: Inclusion and Phrase.